Cefixime is a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic for oral use, which is suitable for the treatment of respiratory, urinary and biliary infections caused by sensitive bacteria. Cefixime is highly stable to the β-lactamase produced by Gram-negative bacilli, and its antibacterial effect against Gram-negative bacilli is stronger than that of the first and second-generation cephalosporins, and the antibacterial effect against Gram-positive cocci is not as good as that of the first generation. Second generation cephalosporin. At present, the cefixime drugs approved by the State Food and Drug Administration have various dosage forms such as tablets, capsules, dispersible tablets, dry suspensions and granules, all of which are prescription drugs.
Cefixime is used to treat the following infections caused by sensitive bacteria:
1. respiratory infections, such as bronchitis, pneumonia, etc.;
2. Urinary system infections, such as pyelonephritis, cystitis, urethritis, etc.;
3. Biliary infections such as cholecystitis and cholangitis;
4. Others, such as otitis media, sinusitis, scarlet fever, etc.
The adverse reactions of cefixime are mostly short-lived and mild.
1. Allergic reactions: common rash, urticaria, erythema, rare itching, fever, edema, difficulty breathing, systemic flushing, angioedema and anaphylactic shock.
2. Gastrointestinal reactions: common diarrhea, stomach discomfort, rare chest burning, lack of appetite, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, abdominal distension, constipation and dysbacteria caused by stomatitis, oral candidiasis, pseudomembranous colitis, etc. .
3. Respiratory system: Rarely associated with fever, cough, difficulty breathing, chest X-ray abnormalities, eosinophilic interstitial pneumonia and pulmonary eosinophilic infiltration (PIE syndrome).
4. Blood system: common eosinophilia, rare neutropenia, hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia.
5. Liver: Common alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase are elevated, rare jaundice.
6. Kidney: Rarely found in urea nitrogen and acute renal insufficiency.
7. Others: Rare headache, dizziness, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis (Lyell syndrome) and vitamin K, B deficiency.
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